Witch - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 664 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/19 Category People Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Halloween Essay Did you like this example? Utkarsh Rajawat AP Euro Dr. Barnes 10/25/09 The Witch Witch. A word that, nowadays, carries along with it thoughts of pleasant schools of magic and candy corn for Halloween. But several hundred years ago, from about 1480 to 1700, the term â€Å"witch† was an altogether sinister and grave term, one that was not thrown around lightly, as it often brought upon those tagged with it fates arguably worse than death. It was the era of the Inquisition, in which panels of judges were created for the sole purpose of condemning witches, and executioners prospered like never before. It was a time of religious fanaticism and political cunning, of death and wrongful accusations. Witches were persecuted for mainly three reasons, namely for religion, profit, and dislike towards the old, lower-class women. Pope Innocent VIII himself endorsed the trials, claiming that the Devil had taken reign of the weak-willed, while others noted how the executioners prospered from all the executio ns to the point of their wealth rivaling that of the nobility. And then there are so many statistics showing that a good eighty percent of those executed were female, all of them lower class, and most of them around the age of sixty at a time when people lived not a day beyond seventy. Of course, religion was the base of this paranoia, and the biggest reason for all the persecutions. Religious reasons were the biggest reasons when it came to persecuting witches. People believed that witches were ultimately seduced by the Devil into doing his work for him, which encompassed killing babies and eating them (docA1). Others even considered simple acts such as caring for those with strange diseases as witchcraft (docA4). Others targeted witches for their un-Catholic behavior and difference of religion and faith (docB2). And there were those, such as Calvin, who found reason enough for burning witches in the Bible (docB4). The religious paranoia also had an adverse effect on the yout h, who began to believe in devils and demons inhabiting people’s bodies (doc B5). Even scientists gave proof that the Devil was taking over old and embittered souls (docC1). Of course, not all persecutions were carried out for mere religious reasons. Some people had more concrete, materialistic gains to be had from the trials. Many people had much to gain from the trials. Some nobles were promoted for their extraordinary work in ridding the land of the Devil, while executioners raked in money with all the new business. Towns and inns in general profited from the great masses of people who would attend the trials and executions of the supposed witches (docA2). And then, of course, any important persons with power that stood in the way of someone’s advancement could always easily be disposed of by accusations of witchcraft (docA7). The mayor of Bamberg, Germany was one of several cases in which persons were bumped up the political ladder because of executions of th ose holding high government posts. Of course, not all reasons were as concrete. Pure contempt was just as potent a weapon. Many people disliked the sixty-something, lower-class women, for they were characterized as old and bitter and vengeful towards life itself. This can most clearly shown by cold, hard statistics (doc group D). The main targets were sixty-year old lower-class women. People just simply disliked this population, and looked at them badly before they became aware of their witchcraft and evil (docA3). People truly believed that there was nothing but resentment in their old, aged hearts (docA6). Others believed that these people were flawed from the beginning of existence, and were easily impressionable for this reason (doc B1). The more highly educated, however, such as Johan Wier, a Belgian physician, also saw the flaws in the same theory—they were old, frail, and were physically unable of all the atrocities they were blamed for (docC2). All in all, the I nquisition was fueled by religious causes, potential profit in the business, and general, outright dislike for the old, lower-class women. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Witch" essay for you Create order

Obesity Statistics And Rankings Obesity - 1442 Words

Obesity Statistics and Rankings The first national survey conducted in United States was in 1963. Many of the studies have suggested that child obesity epidemic is recent and unexpected. Over the last three decades, obesity rates have tripled in the U.S. One out of six children is obese and a one out of three child is overweight. The United States is ranked number one in the world. There has been some control and steadiness in the child obesity rates since 2008, but there are some groups that have higher rates than others. In the 1970’s, 5 percent of U.S. children ages 2 to 19 were obese; by 2008, nearly 17 percent of children were obese, a percentage that held steady through 2010. About 10 percent of U.S. infants had a high â€Å"weight for recumbent length†Ã¢â‚¬â€a measure that’s similar to the body mass index but used in children from birth to age. Ethnicity and Gender It’s been proven that obesity affects all races and ethnic backgrounds. From 1999 to 2010, Mexican American infants were 67 percent more likely to have a high weight for recumbent length than non-Hispanic white infants (Goodman, 2013). Boys are more likely to suffer from obesity than girls. Their obesity rates increased between 1999 and 2010 as compared to the girls. From the graph below, we see that the Black and Hispanic population is suffering the most from obesity, which could also be linked to their lower incomes. Between 1963 and 2008, rates of obesity among children between the ages of 2 andShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity Is A National Epidemic1406 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood obesity is a national epidemic. Nearly 1 in 3 children (ages 2-19) in the United States is overweight or obese, putting them at risk for serious health problems. Studies show that overweight kids are likely to become overweight and obese adults. This is a significant issue in the U.S. and needs to be monitored closely. 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Email of our lecturer: m.omar@napier.ac.uk Email of our tutor: rudileung@gmail.com (this is also his facebook) Reference Amine, Lyn S and Smith, J Alexander (2009), Challenges to Modern Consumer Segmentation in a Changing World: The Need for a second step, Multinational Business Review, Vol. 17, Iss.3; p. 71 Children face obesity problem – China (2010) Available

Paradise Lost †Summary Book VII Free Essays

At the halfway point of the twelve books of  Paradise Lost,  Milton once more invokes a muse, but this time it is Urania, the Muse of Astronomy. Milton refers to her in Christian terms, as a source of inspiration much like the Holy Spirit. He asks Urania to insure his safe transition from relating the story of the war in Heaven back to Raphael and Adam’s conversation on Earth. We will write a custom essay sample on Paradise Lost – Summary Book VII or any similar topic only for you Order Now Again, Milton asks that the muse inspire him through the rest of Raphael’s speech and protect him from the troublesome beliefs of others who do not have access to her wisdom. Back on Earth, Adam asks Raphael about how and why the world was created, as well as about his own creation. Adam initially believes that he may not be allowed to hear the story of creation, so he asks cautiously, although his curiosity is overwhelming. Raphael agrees to tell him, explaining that the story of creation is not a secret to be kept from human beings. Raphael begins by picking up where he left off, with the fall of Satan and his rebel followers. He explains that shortly after the fall, the Father wished to forge a new race, partly to erase the memory of the rebellion and partly to make up for the rebels’ absence from the ranks of God’s loyal creations. Raphael believes that by replacing the fallen angels, God renders Satan unable to claim that he diminished God’s creation. By creating Earth and mankind in a nearly empty part of the universe, God shows the fallen angels that his glorious kingdom can be expanded indefinitely. For all these reasons, God decides to create Earth and humans, with the idea that Earth and Heaven will eventually be joined together as one kingdom through mankind’s obedience to God’s divine will. Raphael says that God sends the Son down into Chaos to create Earth. The Earth is first formed out of Chaos and given light and dark, or night and day, in equal measure. Land is separated from water, and animals are created to populate both land and sea. The creation takes six days, and Adam and Eve are created last. The entire act of creation is done through the Son, who makes man in his image and gives him authority over all the animals on Earth. God gives Adam one command: he must not eat the fruit from the Tree of Knowledge, which gives knowledge of good and evil. The Son, finishing with his work, hangs Earth beneath Heaven by a chain. He reascends to Heaven as the angels sing hymns and praise his work. Pleased with his work, God rests on the seventh day, which then becomes known as the Sabbath. Analysis In the same manner as the two previous invocations of the muse, Milton’s invocation of Urania fuses classical allusion with Christian belief. Milton reconfigures Urania and likens her to the Holy Spirit, placing a corrective, Christian spin on an old mythological figure. The cumulative effect of Milton’s allusions to and corrections of classical culture is to convey the impression that Greek and Roman civilization was indeed great, but misled in its philosophy and religion. Thus Milton can claim to build upon the achievements of classical authors while replacing their religious beliefs with Christian ones. Being born before Christ, most classical authors do have a good excuse for not professing Christian beliefs. In this respect, Milton’s stance toward antiquity is not unlike that of earlier Christian poets such as Dante or Spenser, who were similarly steeped in classical literary culture. Raphael’s account of the world’s creation closely follows the biblical account of creation in the first few chapters of Genesis. Milton takes some of his language directly from popular English translations of the Bible. By using biblical language, Milton gives Raphael’s account more authority and renders the invented details of his story more credible as well. Raphael’s extended explanations about the world and about God and Satan are lengthy, but their length demonstrates Milton’s beliefs concerning the absolute importance of conversation, knowledge, and thought. Book VII presents a curious Adam who seeks knowledge and an agreeable Raphael who disposes his knowledge in human terms. Their evolving interaction in this book differs from their interaction in earlier books, as Adam becomes more aggressive in his attempts to gain wisdom from Raphael. Throughout their conversation, the desire for knowledge is expressed through metaphors of hunger, eating, and digestion. Adam’s craving for knowledge begins to surface in this book and foreshadows his potential temptation to eat from the Tree of Knowledge. The Son is given a more significant role in Book VII than he has in previous books, illustrating that he is the instrument through which God acts. Milton actually departs from the Bible in having the Son create the world, as Genesis says nothing about the Son. But according to Christian teaching, God and the Son are manifestations of the same entity. Milton begins with the orthodox Christian premise of a three-part God and then elaborates on the relationship between God the Father and God the Son. By having God send the Son to defeat Satan and create the universe, Milton shows how God and the Son can work separately yet still work as one God. Even though they appear as separate characters, Milton believed that the Son represents the living, active, almost human likeness of God. How to cite Paradise Lost – Summary Book VII, Papers